Showing posts with label Mes Aynak. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Mes Aynak. Show all posts

Thursday, 21 August 2014

The Buddha to his family: Money and Happiness

Dhr. Seven and Amber Larson (ed.), Wisdom Quarterly based on initial translation by Ven. Thanissaro (Geoffrey DeGraff), Sakka Sutra: "To the Shakyans" (AN 10.46); Wiki; Sirimunasiha
Golden face of Afghan Buddha excavated from 2,600-year-old Mes Aynak ("Copper Well") temple complex, one of the first and possibly the largest monastic complexes in the world.
Bamiyan, Afghanistan (ancient Sakka, Scythia), at the Himalayan foothills of the Hindu Kush, was a wealthy East-West crossroads on the Silk Route beyond India into Central Asia (wiki).
 
On one occasion the Blessed One [the Buddha] was staying near Kapilavatthu [Kapilavastu, likely in the region of modern Bamiyan and Kabul (Kapil?), Afghanistan, beyond the ancient northwest frontier of India] at the Banyan Park.
 
First anthropomorphic images of the Buddha
Then many Shakyan lay followers, on the lunar observance day (uposatha), went to see the Blessed One, bowed, and sat respectfully to one side. As they were sitting there, the Blessed One said to them, "Shakyans, do you observe the eightfold lunar observance?"
 
"Sometimes we do, venerable sir, and sometimes we do not." 
  • [The weekly lunar observance days (full moon, new moon, first and last quarter moons), call uposatha days, are a time of intensive effort and rededication to the Buddha's Dharma. Its eight factors or limbs (anga) are the Eight Precepts observed for that day and night.]
"It is no gain for you, Shakyans. It is ill-gotten, that in this life so threatened by grief, in this life so threatened by death, you only sometimes observe the eight-factored lunar observance and sometimes do not.
 
"What do you think, Shakyans. Suppose a person, by some profession or other, without encountering an unprofitable (akusalam, unskillful, wasted) day, were to earn half a gold coin.
  • [See Wisdom Quarterly discussion of the gold, silver, and copper kahapana below.]
The first Buddhas were Indo-Greco (Boonlieng/flickr)
"Would that person deserve to be called a capable person, full of initiative?"
 
"Yes, venerable sir."
 
"Suppose a person, by some profession or other, without encountering an unprofitable day, were to earn a whole coin... two coins... three... four... five... six... seven... eight... nine... ten... 20...30 ... 40... 50... 100 coins. Would that person deserve to be called a capable person, full of initiative?"
 
"Yes, venerable sir."
 
"Now what do you think: Earning 100 or 1,000 coins a day, and saving up one's gains, and living for 100 years, would a person arrive at a great mass of wealth?"
 
"Yes, venerable sir."
  
Massive Bamiyan Buddha, Kapilavastu (grand-bazaar)
"Now what do you think: Would that person, because of that wealth, on account of that wealth, with that wealth as the cause, live enjoying unalloyed bliss for a day, a night, half a day, or half a night?"
 
"No, venerable sir. And why is that? Sensual pleasures are inconstant (unstable, undependable, fickle, impermanent), hollow, false, deceptive by nature."

"Now, Shakyans, there is the case where a disciple of mine, spending ten years practicing as I have instructed, would live enjoying unalloyed bliss for 100 years, 100 centuries, 100 millennia.
  • [One reason for this is jhana (meditative absorption) and its astounding karmic aftereffects. It is on account of attaining to one of the eight jhanas, re-entering it frequently, or mastering it completely that one, going no further to cultivate liberating insight in this life, is reborn in superior planes of existence, heavens (worlds in space or other dimensions), with lifespans that last aeons. See Large Chart in 31 Planes of Existence.]
"And that person would be a once-returner, a non-returner, or at the very least a stream-winner.
  
Kapilavastu? Sakastan (SCMP.com)
"Let alone ten years, there is the case where a disciple of mine, spending nine years... eight years... seven... six... five... four... three... two years... one year practicing as I have instructed, would live enjoying unalloyed bliss for 100 years, 100 centuries, 100 millennia. And that person would be a once-returner, a non-returner, or at the very least a stream-winner.
  • [In a more famous sutra (MN 10), the Buddha uses this cascading description of time to emphasize that while it might take as many as seven years to reach enlightenment, it might actually only take as few as seven days of mindful application (on a foundation of powerful concentration). See the Greater Four Foundations of Mindfulness Discourse.]
Gandhara-style Buddha, Bactria (Boonlieng/flickr)
"Let alone one year, there is the case where a disciple of mine, spending ten months... nine months... eight months... seven... six... five... four... three... two months... one month... half a month practicing as I have instructed, would live enjoying unalloyed bliss for 100 years, 100 centuries, 100 millennia. And that person would be a once-returner, a non-returner, or at the very least a stream-winner.
 
"Let alone half a month, there is the case where a disciple of mine, spending ten days and nights... nine days and nights... eight... seven... six... five... four... three... two days and nights... one day and night [this expression "one day and night" suggests one uposatha day] practicing as I have instructed, would live enjoying unalloyed bliss for 100 years, 100 centuries, 100 millennia. And that person would be a once-returner, a non-returner, or at the very least a stream-winner.
 
Did the Shakyans listen and benefit?
"It is no gain for you, Shakyans. It is ill-gotten, that in this life so threatened by grief, in this life so threatened by death, you only sometimes observe the eightfold lunar observance and sometimes do not."
 
"Then from this day forward, venerable sir, we will observe the eightfold lunar observance!"
 
Gold kahapanas, ancient coins used in Central Asia (Afghanistan), India, Sri Lanka (Siri)
.
Later kahapana with the Buddha
  • NOTES: India did not have anthropomorphic (human-like) representations of the Buddha or the "gods" (devas, brahmas) until Buddhists outside of India -- in Hellenized Afghanistan, Gandhara, and Central Asia (Bactria, Scythia, Sodgdia, etc.) -- made the first images.
  • Isn't it interesting that maps of the area in ancient times show a Sakastan right in the vicinity of modern Afghanistan? And isn't it more interesting that the main "god" (deva) of earthly relevance in Buddhism and of the Buddha's time -- the "King of the Gods/Devas" -- is called Sakka?
  • Greco-Buddhist art (Bimaran casket)
  • This discourse, "Sutra to the Shakyans" (Sakka Sutta) is not called the Sakya or Shakya Sutra but the Sakka Sutta, suggesting that they were called the Sakkas -- Scythians, one of any far wandering "tribes" (family clans) relying on horses (like Siddhartha's famed white pony Kanthaka), rich with gold from controlling commerce and land along the Silk Route of traveling merchants taking riches between East and West? See discussion in Pali Encyclopedia.
  • See also AN 3.70; AN 8.43; Ud 2.10; MN 10
Ancient Money (the kahapana)
Wisdom Quarterly English translation from German-Wiki
Modern minor excavation at Mes Aynak, Afghanistan shows gold and jewellery treasure. This hoard was dated from 500 AD to 700 AD (Kadir Salamviking)
 
Kahapana was the name of an ancient Indian coin. It was either copper, silver, or gold. Its shape was round or rectangular. In Sanskrit it was called purana, in English "elding." Kahapanas are mentioned in early Buddhist literature, where their role was as a means of payment on the Indian subcontinent of antiquity. It is also in evidence in excavations. More

Set of kalandas of corresponding weight -Type I -Chank over Vase or Pot (Sirimunasiha).

Thursday, 24 July 2014

The Buddhist art of Pakistan (Lahore Museum)

Dhr. Seven, Ashley Wells, CC Liu, Wisdom Quarterly; Team No Limit Creativity, Business Consultants (NLC360.com, facebook); LahoreMuseum.org (VIRTUAL TOUR)
Lahore Museum exhibits (lahoremuseum.org/No Limit Creativity/NLC360.com)
Lahore Museum Virtual Tour (No Limit Creativity, business consultants, NLC360.com)
 
The Lahore Museum (لاہور میوزیم لاہور عجائب گھر) was originally established in 1865-66 on the site of the hall of the 1864 Punjab Exhibition (Government of Pakistan).
 
Maitreya, 5th cent. BCE (MOW)
It was shifted in 1894 to its present site on The Mall in Lahore, in the Punjab region of India (which 1947's Partition became the country of Pakistan due to upheavals created by British colonial rule).

Rudyard Kipling's father, John Lockwood Kipling, was one of the earliest and most famous curators of the museum. Over 250,000 visitors were registered in 2005. The current building complex that houses the Lahore Museum was designed by the well-known architect Sir Ganga Ram.

Gandhara Buddhist art (WQ)
The Museum is the biggest museum in the new country and full of exquisite Gandhara (Greco-Indian fusion) art. Many rooms have been under repair for a long time, and others still show a rather old-fashioned and often rudimentary display of objects, with captions only in Urdu (the local language).

There are important relics from the Indus Valley Civilization (Indus River Valley), Ghandara and Greco-Bactrian periods as well as some Tibetan and Nepalese work on display. The museum has a number of Greco-Buddhist sculptures, Mughal and Pahari paintings on display. The Fasting Buddha from the Ghandara period is one of the most famous objects of the museum. More

What was Gandhāra?
Gandhāra (Sanskrit गन्धार, Pashto ګندارا‎, Urdu گندھارا‎) was an ancient kingdom in the Swat and Kabul river valleys and the Pothohar Plateau [that border modern Iran in the southwest in the province of Seistan-Balochistan west of ancient Mohenjo-daro].

These are in the modern-day states of northern Pakistan and northeastern Afghanistan (Gandhara Civilization). Its main cities were Purushapura (modern Peshawar), literally meaning "City of Men" (Encyclopædia Britannica: Gandhara) and Takshashila (modern Taxila). More
 
Lahore Museum: A Gallery of Our Culture, Guided Tour cover (library.tcdc.or.th)
View virtual tour properly using Flash Player Version 9.0.28 or later (NLC360.com).
First images of the Buddha, Gandhara, Lahore Museum, Pakistan (Bijapuri Ed Sentner/flickr)

Tuesday, 6 May 2014

Lost Treasures of Buddhist Afghanistan (video)

Dhr. Seven, Amber Larson, Wisdom Quarterly; NationalGeographic.com, May 5, 2014


2014 Afghan landslide
(NatGeo) It had more treasures than we can comprehend as a magnificent crossroads between East and West at the foothills of the Himalayas (Hindu Kush), an agrarian territory that became cosmopolitan by the influx of travelers and traders and a world-teacher who went in search of enlightenment and an end to all suffering and found it in a neighboring kingdom in India. His success came back to this faraway land to give rise to Buddhism and send it on its way west and north along the same Silk Road that brought it so much traffic, riches, culture, and eventually imperial invasions and war.
 
Paul Fitzgerald and Liz Gould (invisiblehistory.com)

Monday, 21 April 2014

Buddhism in Europe, Siberia, and Asian Russia

Dhr. Seven and Amber Larson, Wisdom Quarterly
The European Vajrayana Buddhist Gold Temple (kalmykia.eu)
 
Massive Lake Baikal, Siberia, Russia
The early history of Siberia is greatly influenced by the sophisticated nomadic civilizations of the Scythians (Pazyryk culture as far west as modern Ukraine) on the west of the Ural Mountains and Xiongnu (Noin-Ula) on the east of the Urals, both flourishing before the Christian [common] era. The steppes of Siberia saw a succession of nomadic people, including the Khitan people, Altaic people, and the Mongol Empire
The Buddha, Indo-Pakistan/Afghanistan, Gandhara
In the late Middle Ages, Tibetan Buddhism spread into the areas south of Lake Baikal. A milestone in the history of the region was the arrival of the Russians in the 16th and 17th centuries. This was contemporaneous and in many regards analogous to the European colonization of the Americas (and the formation of the USA). When Russia was an empire, Siberia was an agricultural province and served as a place of exile. More

Eurasian people, as in the Caucasus region, traveled north taking Central Asian Buddhism with them, most notably the Kalmyks.

They settled along the Caspian Sea in Kalmykia opposite formerly Buddhist Kazakhstan, the only indigenously Buddhist region in Europe.

This should come as no surprise when we understand that the Buddha, who had blue eyes, was born in the "Middle Country" (Majjhimadesa/Kamsabhoja). 

This refers to the land between East and West, in what is now historically Buddhist Afghanistan (i.e., Bamiyan, Mes Aynak, Tepe Narenj), once the northwest frontier of India (Jambudvipa). The Silk Road went right through making the area very rich but susceptible to invasions by various empires including the American military-industrial complex.

Map of Silk Road routes over land and sea, which allowed the Dharma travel across Asia
  
Buddhist Europe (S.U./kalmykia.eu)
The "Longer Discourses of the Buddha" (Digha Nikaya 1.90-95) tells a story of the Buddha's people, the Shakyans, possibly Western history's Scythians. From an Indian point of view, they are "foreign." The Buddha describes them as extremely "proud." 

The Brahmin Ambattha (the youth Ambattha-mānava from Ukkatthā or the "Middle Country" of Uttarapatha, who later became a Buddhist) describes them as "fierce, rough spoken, violent, wanderers (referring to their itinerant or nomadic lifestyle, often incorrectly translated as "menials"). They do not respect Brahmins nor pay homage to them." 

Silk Road through Gandhara, Greek Bactria
In that area, the administrator-Brahmin caste (brahmanas) was subordinate to the warrior-nobles (kshatriyas). 
 
Upon visiting Kapilavastu, the Shakyan capital and the Buddha's hometown, Ambattha explains them as those who "sat upon high seats in meeting halls, engaging in laughing, rough playing, poking each other with fists and fingers and paid no regard to [Ambattha a Brahmin who felt he was deserving of their regard because of his caste status]."
 
In referring to the Buddha, the "Sage of the Scythians," Shakyamuni (DN 3.144), he is fair (golden hued) with blue eyes.
 

Saturday, 5 April 2014

Live from Afghanistan, eve of [fake] elections

Buddhas of Bamiyan, Afghanistan, that our CIA's Taliban destroyed (Hazaristan Times)
   
Afghan voting, no exit polling (Uprising)
Elections in Afghanistan take place this Saturday (April 5, 2014), with violence spiking strongly. On Friday, two journalists with the Associated Press were shot. One of them, the Pulitzer Prize-winning German photographer Anja Niedringhaus, was killed. The other is Kathy Gannon, author of the book I Is For Infidel, who is reportedly in stable condition.

Proud warriors came to kill and rape, now on psych meds and headed home (scoop.it)
"It was fun" fighting for empire. Just look what the Romans did for Israel (defense.gov).
Sure some treasures were lost, but that's ancient Greek and Gandhara history. Think of the heroin trade we gained for the CIA to fund more covert war activities! (metmuseum.org)
 
Afghan children, a.k.a. collateral damage
[JSOC and the American military-industrial complex have left this ancient nation -- where Buddhism simultaneously began as the gateway between Asia and Europe -- safe and secure, bringing peace and freedom and now fair and transparent democratic elections, but somehow...]

Dozens of attacks in the past weeks throughout the country have created a tense atmosphere. On Wednesday a [brainwashed] suicide bomber killed six Afghan police officers in the capital Kabul, and a day before that a candidate running for election and nine of his supporters and staff were killed in a northern province. Al Qaeda?

"Democracy kicks in" (1:35) after invasion and occupation (Family Guy)
Greco-Afghan Buddha
Among the candidates for president are a number of “warlords,” such as Abdul Rashid Dostum and Abdullah Abdullah. Afghan [Puppet-] President Hamid Karzai, who has presided over the country for nearly the entire time of the US occupation, has reached the limits of his tenure. Last December Karzai refused to sign an accord with the US over the status of US forces in Afghanistan, saying it would be more appropriate for his replacement to make the decision.

GUESTS: Anand Gopal, journalist covering Afghanistan and author of a forthcoming book on the US-war called No Good Men Among the Living, joins Uprising live from Afghanistan; Edward Girardet, author of Killing the Cranes: A Reporter’s Journey through Three Decades of War in Afghanistan and editor of the just released fourth edition of the Essential Field Guide to Afghanistan joins from France.


Former CIA Director, U.S. Sec'y of State, JSOC Cheerleader (Warlord) Leon Panetta, Esq. (gold tie) and outgoing billionaire Dictator-Most-Friendly-to-the-West Hamid Karzai (AP/VOA)
http://www.rawa.org/temp/runews/2012/12/26/us-special-forces-accused-of-raping-afghan-women-during-raid.html
The US just can't stop blowing billions in Afghanistan (Vice News/RAWA.org)

Friday, 31 January 2014

The Buddha and Sports (Superb Owl, Part 2)

Ashley Wells, Amber Larson, Dhr. Seven, CC Liu, Pfc. Sandoval, Wisdom Quarterly; Ven. Silacara Bhikkhu (A Young People's Life of the Buddha) ORGANIZED SPORTS (PART 1)
Siddhartha: Does he have a concussion? Channa: No, this guy's, uh, never mind (SF).


    
QB Colbert and a bunch of B's on the gridiron
Siddhartha the Bodhisat (Buddha-to-be) was living the household life, being raised with a great education to become a leader, a prince in the Shakya (Sakya) clan in frontier northwest India (Afghanistan, not Nepal).
 
That Siddhartha is great!
In Siddhartha's bodily attainments, he was well endowed just as he was in mind (intellect) and character (virtue). The girls, Shakyan cousins and princesses, looked on in admiration to various contests.   Although gentle in manner, he was bold in the practice of all the sports of his country. He was a cool and daring horseman, a marksman with bow and arrow, and an able and skillful chariot-driver. In the latter sport, he won many chariot races against the best drivers in the country. Yet, for all his keenness in trying to win a race, he was kind and compassionate towards the horses who helped him to win so often. He would frequently let a race be lost rather than urge his weary, panting horses beyond their strength.

Not only towards his horses but towards all creatures, Siddhartha seemed to have a heart full of compassion. He was a ruler’s son and had never himself had to suffer hardship or distress. Yet, his kind heart seemed to know by sympathy how others felt when they were afflicted or in pain, whether these others were men or animals. When he was kind to others, as far as he could, he tried to relieve any suffering they were already enduring.

Devadatta utterly ruined himself later.
Once when he was out walking in the country with his cousin Devadatta [brother of his future wife, Bimba, more popularly known as Yasodhara], who had his bow and arrows with him. Devadatta shot a swan that was flying overhead. The arrow hit the swan and it fluttered, painfully wounded, to the ground. Both boys ran to pick it up, but Siddhartha reached it first. Holding it gently, he pulled the arrow out of its wing, put some cool leaves on the wound to stop it from bleeding, and stroked and soothed the hurt and frightened bird. Devadatta was very much annoyed to see his cousin take the swan from him in this way, and he called on Siddhartha to give him the swan because he had brought it down. Siddhartha, however, refused to give him the swan, saying that if the bird had been killed then it would have been his. But as it was alive, it belonged to the one who saved it, and so he meant to keep it. Devadatta maintained that it should belong to him because he tried to kill it.

Devadatta, Siddhartha, and the wounded swan (daobingan/photobucket.com)
  
Siddhartha proposed and Devadatta agreed that their dispute be settled by a full council [one is reminded of a loya jirga or grand assembly] of the wise men of the country. The council, accordingly, was called and the question put before them. Some in the council argued one way, some in the other, some siding with Devadatta, others with Siddhartha. But at last one man in the council, whom nobody had ever seen before, rose and said: “A life certainly must belong to one who tries to save it; a life cannot belong to one who is only trying to destroy it. The wounded bird by right belongs to the one who saved its life. Let the swan be given to Siddhartha.” All of the others in the council agreed with these wise words, and Prince Siddhartha was allowed to keep the swan. He cared for it until it was cured; then he set it free, letting it fly back to its mates on the forest-lake. More

The Land of the Shakyas (Sakastan, Sakae, and Sakala?) with their capital at Kapilavastu (Kapisa?) not the future "Nepal" between Kashmir and Kosala. (See ranajitpal.com).

 
The Big Game
We'll see who wins at the big festival celebration and feast (daobingan/photobucket)
 
Once, after practicing with his many Shakya clan cousins, young Siddhartha had great prowess in sports yet remained humble. He engaged in equestrian sports, raced chariots, swam, ran, shot targets, had a white pony/stallion named Kanthaka.

Kanthaka and Siddhartha (BDE)
He was good, and the other boys were jealous. The girls looked on admiringly from the sidelines of their very patriarchal society out in the frontier between East and West along the Silk Road that enriched their land (janapada, the clan's territorial holdings), where Indian traders traveled into Central Asia near Gandhara. The great ancient monuments in Bamiyan were marvels of the day, later converted to representations of their greatest son. (They are so ancient that only Madame Blavatsky has proposed their age and original purpose).

Tired of being trapped by life, Siddhartha lets go of Kanthaka, his royal position, inheritance, and trapping telling his servant Channa to give back to his father (BDE).
  
Setting out on a quest on Kanthaka (SF)
Like earlier Vedic Brahmanism (pre-Hinduism) later Islam (post-Zoroastrianism) and original Judaism (pre-Christianity), the Buddha never allowed anthropomorphic representations. India did not have them until the Indo-Greco artists in this area started making them, then no one was going to be left behind.
 
All of the "gods" (devas, brahmas, and avatars) became beautiful ancient Greek-style gods (demigods) and chimera hybrids. Buddhism led the way in spite of the Buddha having it otherwise. When one sees the Buddha one does not see the Buddha, according to the Buddha, because to see the Buddha proper means seeing the Dharma, namely, seeing Dependent Origination.

Kanthaka and Siddhartha (wiki)
But we settle for superficial appearances, and those are greatest in Afghanistan, the original land of Siddhartha's family. The area has always been contentious (as pointed out by Fitzgerald and Gould InvisibleHistory.com), long before the British empire drew the Durand Line or the Soviet Union fought the covert CIA/overt Mujahadeen (God's Army). Russia and America suffered defeat there, like the Greeks (Alexander the Great) and British before them. Of course, we are still suffering defeat, because anyone can conquer Afghanistan, but no one seems to be able to rule and administrate it. Even when a "Taliban" is created out of angry Arab ex-cons from Pakistan and elsewhere, foreigners in tribal Afghanistan, still there is no ruling the wandering bands and their unique ways. Pashtuns are not the indigenous people. It is a country of Gandharans, Shakyans, Hazaras, Tajiks, Kyrgyz, Kazakhs, Turkmens, Pashtuns, Uzbeks, other Central Asians, Indians, Persians, and Iranians.

(K4V) Buzkashi (kok boru) is the Afghan national sport. It is a popular sport
among south Central Asians. Its Turkic name is kökbörü, kök = "blue," börü =
"wolf," denoting the grey wolf, the holy symbol of the Turkic people. More

SAVAGES? Like savages we Americans play to the crippling death on a mock (battle)field tossing around a laced up carcass of an animal. Much like the British play rugby. How strange, then, that we laugh at the Afghan sport of polo using the carcass of an animal. Somehow, they're the "savages." We invade them, engage in war crimes, rape women and children, kill civilians, assassinate by remote control drones, plunder a nation, make war propaganda reels like "Lone Survivor" for the people back home to feel good about war profiteering... and they're savages. Invaders, 1. Conquered, 0. USA! USA! USA! lol