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Arabic components for "Allah": 1. alif, 2. hamzat wasl, 3. lām, 4. lām, 5. shadda, 6. dagger alif, 7. hāʾ. According to Reza Azlan, "There is no God but God," and Mohammed is prophet. |
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Allah (Arabic,
الله
Allāh) is the Arabic word for "the God" (as the initial "Al-" is the definite article plus
ilāh, "deity,"
ho theos monos). The word is used mainly by Muslims to refer to
God in Islam, Arab Christians, and often, but not exclusively, by Bahá'ís, Arabic-speakers, Indonesian and Maltese Christians, and Mizrahi Jews.
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Cognates of the name exist in other Semitic languages, including Hebrew and Aramaic. Biblical Hebrew mostly uses the plural form (gods)
Elohim, while claiming to be monotheistic. The corresponding Aramaic form is
ʼĔlāhā ܐܠܗܐ in Biblical Aramaic and
ʼAlâhâ ܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ in Syriac as used by the Assyrian Church. In the Sikh scriptures
Guru Granth Sahib, the term
Allah is used 37 times.
The name was previously used by
pagan Meccans as a reference to a
creator deity, possibly the supreme deity in
pre-Islamic Arabia.
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The concepts associated with the term Allah (as a deity) differ among religious traditions. In pre-Islamic Arabia amongst pagan Arabs, Allah was not considered the sole divinity. It, too, like the Elohim, had associates and companions, sons and daughters -- a concept deleted under the process of
Islamization just as happend to the Jewish and Christian traditions when they became stridently monotheistic.
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In Islam, the name Allah is the supreme and all-comprehensive divine name, and all other divine names are believed or said to refer back to Allah. Allah is now unique, the only deity, the
creator of the universe and omnipotent. Arab Christians today use terms such as
Allāh al-Ab (
الله الأب, "God the Father") to distinguish their usage from Muslim usage. There are both similarities and differences between the concept of God as portrayed in the
Koran (Muslim Bible) and the Hebrew Bible. It has also been applied to certain living human beings as personifications of the term and concept.
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